Example: NIS-2
When applying the approach from the originals to NIS2 in summer 2023, I started with the EU version, the original NIS-2 directive. First learning: A directive has to be transferred into national law by each nation state to get activated, no further grace period. A regulation (de.: Verordnung) is activated by EU, but always contains a grace period of approximately 36 month. NIS2 was released in 2022, so the text was finalized and the minimum level of requirements was defined. On 2024-10-17 latest, the nation states should have released their national version, implementing the EU version. Some did, others not. Germany was close to release at end of 2024, but got delayed on the last mile and released the NIS2UmsuCG in 2025-12-05. But again: The EU version give a very good base line to assess the relevance for a company. Appendix A and Appendix B listed sectors and of companies in scope, other limits where stated in the main paragraphs. Seeing the first three drafts of the german version revealed, that most definitions have been copied without modifications. But at some points Germany decided to tighten the strings a bit. But the evolution of the german draft also demonstrated, that these points changed. (number of employee and turn over vs. or). The scope for the authorities and administrative bodies in contrast has been relaxed as good as possible, because security may cost money and the federal state tries to avoid costs by trading in security. Ugly, but no impact on commercial companies.